Enhancing Realism in Orchestral Strings: Mastering Writing, Velocity, and Expression

Achieving realism in orchestral string productions can be a challenging endeavor, even with the advancements in modern orchestral samples. In this blog post, we will explore essential techniques for enhancing the authenticity of your string orchestra piece. While delving into the intricacies of producing orchestral strings can be a deep rabbit hole, we will primarily focus on the fundamentals of realism. So, let's dive in!

Writing Realistic Parts
To create realistic strings, it is crucial to begin with realistic writing. Often, in the creative freedom offered by a DAW, we compose beautiful parts that surpass practical playability. Understanding the natural range of instruments is key in this process. Strings have distinct upper and lower registers, with higher notes potentially sounding strained or thin. While the upper registers are not off-limits, it's important to acknowledge the variations in timbre. Here is a breakdown of the instruments' ranges:

- Violin: Range spans approximately G3 to E7
- Viola: Range spans approximately C3 to A6
- Cello: Range spans approximately C2 to C6
- Double Bass: Range spans approximately E1 to C5

Considering these ranges, we can then explore the arrangement of string parts and basic four-part harmony writing. Though music theory is not a prerequisite, understanding these concepts can greatly enhance your compositions.

Utilizing Velocity
Utilizing velocity and expression appropriately is the second essential skill for achieving realistic virtual strings. Live string musicians incorporate variations in volume throughout their performances. Understanding the natural volume envelope of an orchestral musician is crucial. They emphasize the downbeats, although not always at full volume. The attack time and sustain of a note vary, particularly in forceful sections. Here, we need to grasp how our library responds to MIDI velocity, as it often determines dynamic levels. Adjusting the velocity of notes provides emotion and realism, transforming a stiff and robotic sound into an expressive and dynamic composition.

Employing Expression for Legato Phrases
When dealing with long legato phrases, we turn to expression to convey emotion. Unlike velocity, expression may or may not affect dynamic levels, depending on how the library is programmed. Some libraries integrate volume and dynamic switching into the expression controller (commonly the mod wheel), while others do not. By utilizing expression, we can infuse our legato phrases with the desired feeling. This allows us to shape the musical line in ways that MIDI velocity alone cannot achieve.


By following the techniques outlined above, you can bring unparalleled realism to your orchestral string productions. Remember to consider instrument ranges when writing parts, master the art of velocity adjustments, and harness the power of expression for those emotive legato passages. With practice and attention to detail, your compositions will bridge the gap between virtual and live orchestral performances. Embark on this journey and unlock the full potential of your string orchestra pieces.